Table 2.

Descriptive statistics results, mean (SD) of trunk muscle performance at the velocities of 60°/s and 120°/s, mean [95% CI] difference between groups of the comparison between chronic stroke patients (n = 18) and healthy matched subjects (n = 18).

Variables of muscle performance	Velocity 60°/s Stroke – mean (SD) Healthy – mean (SD)	Velocity 120°/s Stroke – mean (SD) Healthy – mean (SD)	Between-group Differences 60°/s – mean [95% CI] 120°/s – mean [95% CI]	p-value 60°/s 120°/s
Flexor peak torque (N m)	152.81 (68.7) 252.07 (88.85)	130.62 (65.99) 243.98 (95.1)	−99.26 [−153.06 to −45.45] −113.36 [−168.80 to −57.91]	0.001 <0.001
Extensor peak torque (N m)	83.61 (33.54) 153.97 (49.21)	65.46 (26.74) 122.65 (44.67)	−70.36 [−98.89 to −41.83] −57.18 [−82.13 to −32.24]	<0.001 <0.001
Flexor torque at 90° (N m)	109.92 (56.83) 195.56 (62.14)	52.56 (50.97) 143.66 (82.66)	−85.63 [−125.97 to −45.29] −91.10 [−137.62 to −44.58]	<0.001 <0.001
Extensor torque at 90° (N m)	66.21 (30.97) 114.28 (43)	32.06 (29.94) 104.60 (51.65)	−48.07 [−73.45 to −22.68] −72.53 [−101.14 to −43.93]	<0.001 <0.001
Flexor total muscular work (J)	312.37 (168.9) 609.15 (211.31)	322.40 (263.65) 873.83 (459.47)	−296.78 [−426.36 to −167.02] −551.42 [−805.18 to −297.67]	<0.001 <0.001
Extensor total muscular work (J)	150.47 (60.88) 313.68 (99.76)	149.53 (91.54) 378.22 (170.86)	−163.21 [−219.20 to −107.23] −228.68 [−321.54 to −135.83]	<0.001 <0.001
Flexor total muscular work normalized by trunk mass (J/kg)	8.75 (4.65) 15.69 (3.92)	8.90 (7.2) 22.25 (9.85)	−6.93 [−9.85 to −4.01] −13.35 [−19.20 to −7.50]	<0.001 <0.001
Extensor total muscular work normalized by trunk mass (J/kg)	4.20 (1.62) 8.17 (2.07)	4.15 (2.45) 9.84 (3.94)	−3.97 [−5.23 to −2.70] −5.69 [−7.92 to −3.46]	<0.001 <0.001

n, number of subjects; s, seconds; SD, standard deviation; CI, Confidence Interval; N m, Newton*meter; J, Joule; J/kg, joule per kilogram; Flex, Flexor Muscles; Ext, Extensor Muscles.