Table 2.
Country-specific numbers (%) of participants with and without arthritis, across physical work-related stressors
| Job exposure, and exposure status | Ghana (n = 3924) | India (n = 8773) | Russian Federation (n = 5144) | South Africa (n = 2396) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | ||
| Doctor-diagnosed arthritis | |||||||||
| HPW | Yes | 327 (11.1%) | 2628 (88.9%) | 828 (14.6%) | 4822 (85.3%) | 470 (34.9%) | 875 (65.1%) | 205 (18.0%) | 931 (81.9%) |
| No | 118 (9.9%) | 1068 (90.0%) | 483 (13.6%) | 3077 (86.4%) | 1132 (27.1%) | 3046 (72.9%) | 215 (15.6%) | 1165 (84.4%) | |
| K/S | Yes | 178 (13.9%) | 1100 (86.1%) | 246 (17.1%) | 1194 (82.9%) | 210 (34.6%) | 396 (65.4%) | 178 (22.7%) | 605 (77.3%) |
| No | 267 (9.3%) | 2596 (90.7%) | 1065 (13.7%) | 6705 (86.3%) | 1392 (28.3%) | 3525 (71.7%) | 242 (14.0%) | 1491 (86.0%) | |
| HL | Yes | 152 (8.6%) | 1610 (91.4%) | 585 (14.3%) | 3492 (85.6%) | 187 (34.9%) | 349 (65.1%) | 36 (10.9%) | 293 (89.1%) |
| No | 293 (12.3%) | 2086 (87.7%) | 726 (14.1%) | 4407 (85.6%) | 1415 (28.4%) | 3572 (71.6%) | 384 (17.6%) | 1803 (82.4%) | |
| AE | Yes | 5 (3.4%) | 143 (96.6%) | 53 (24.5%) | 163 (75.5%) | 138 (39.0%) | 216 (61.0%) | 9 (9.3%) | 88 (90.7%) |
| No | 440 (11.0%) | 3553 (89.0%) | 1258 (14.0%) | 7736 (86.0%) | 1464 (28.3%) | 3705 (71.7%) | 411 (17.0%) | 2008 (83.0%) | |
| AP | Yes | 335 (11.1%) | 2669 (88.8%) | 440 (16.1%) | 2292 (83.9%) | 228 (32.7%) | 470 (67.3%) | 64 (20.6%) | 246 (79.3%) |
| No | 110 (9.7%) | 1027 (90.3%) | 871 (13.4%) | 5607 (86.5%) | 1374 (28.5%) | 3451 (71.5%) | 356 (16.1%) | 1850 (83.9%) | |
| Symptom-defined arthritis | |||||||||
| HPW | Yes | 279 (9.9%) | 2538 (90.1%) | 191 (3.6%) | 5153 (96.4%) | 151 (12.0%) | 1105 (88.0%) | 30 (2.8%) | 1057 (97.2%) |
| No | 134 (12.1%) | 973 (87.9%) | 41 (1.2%) | 3388 (98.8%) | 332 (8.5%) | 3556 (91.5%) | 27 (2.1%) | 1282 (97.9%) | |
| K/S | Yes | 161 (13.3%) | 1046 (86.7%) | 55 (4.1%) | 1276 (95.9%) | 100 (17.2%) | 482 (82.8%) | 25 (3.4%) | 716 (96.6%) |
| No | 252 (9.3%) | 2465 (9.7%) | 177 (2.4%) | 7265 (97.6%) | 383 (8.4%) | 4179 (91.6%) | 32 (1.9%) | 1623 (98.1%) | |
| HL | Yes | 128 (7.6%) | 1551 (92.4%) | 139 (3.6%) | 3711 (96.4%) | 98 (18.8%) | 423 (81.2%) | 2 (0.6%) | 320 (99.4%) |
| No | 285 (12.7%) | 1960 (87.3%) | 93 (1.9%) | 4830 (98.1%) | 385 (8.3%) | 4238 (91.7%) | 55 (2.6%) | 2019 (97.3%) | |
| AE | Yes | 13 (10.7%) | 108 (89.3%) | 8 (5.1%) | 149 (94.9%) | 55 (16.2%) | 285 (83.8%) | 1 (1.1%) | 90 (98.9%) |
| No | 400 (10.5%) | 3403 (89.5%) | 224 (2.6%) | 8392 (97.4%) | 428 (8.9%) | 4376 (91.1%) | 56 (2.4%) | 2249 (97.6%) | |
| AP | Yes | 273 (9.5%) | 2590 (90.5%) | 91 (3.5%) | 2487 (96.5%) | 79 (11.8%) | 592 (88.2%) | 11 (3.6%) | 293 (96.4%) |
| No | 140 (13.2%) | 921 (86.8%) | 141 (2.3%) | 6054 (97.7%) | 404 (9.0%) | 4069 (91.0%) | 46 (2.2%) | 2046 (97.8%) | |
Abbreviations: HPW heavy physical work, K/S kneeling/squatting, HL heavy lifting, AE arm elevation, AP awkward trunk posture