Table 5.

Asthma-COPD overlap, defined by asthma diagnosis before age 40, and elevated eosinophils (≥ 300 cells/μL) independently predict exacerbations.

Factors	COPDGene		ECLIPSE
	Cross-sectional Exacerbation Frequency		Prospective Exacerbation Rate
			1yr		overall study period
	IRR (95% CI)	p value	IRR (95% CI)	p value	IRR (95% CI)	p value
Age	0.99 (0.97–1.00)	0.02	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.006	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.009
Non White race	0.69 (0.54–0.88)	0.003	0.83(0.54–1.25	0.37	0.69 (0.41–1.12)	0.15
Female	1.39 (1.16–1.66)	<0.001	1.20 (1.06–1.36)	0.004	1.29 (1.11–1.49)	<0.001
SGRQ score*	1.02 (1.02–1.03)	<0.001	1.01 (1.01–1.01)	<0.001	1.01(1.01–1.01)	<0.001
post-bronchodilator FEV1 % predicted †	0.98 (0.98–0.99)	<0.001	0.99 (0.98–0.99)	<0.001	0.98(0.98–0.99)	<0.001
GERD	1.37 (1.14–1.64)	<0.001	1.40 (1.23–1.59)	<0.001	1.39(1.20–1.61)	<0.001
Current smoking	0.73(0.58–0.90)	0.004	1.10 (0.97–1.25)	0.12	1.25(1.08–1.44)	0.003
previous exacerbations	NA	NA	2.35 (2.08–2.65)	<0.001	2.77(2.40–3.21)	<0.001
WBC	1.01(0.97–1.05)	0.70	1.03 (1.01–1.06)	0.006	1.04(1.01–1.07)	0.004
Asthma COPD overlap	1.33 (1.04–1.71)	0.02	1.29 (1.08–1.54)	0.005	1.33(1.08–1.63)	0.006
Eosinophils ≥300	1.26 (1.03–1.54)	0.02	1.21 (1.06–1.39)	0.005	1.22(1.04–1.42)	0.01

Results from negative binomial regression analysis are shown.

^*per 1 point increase in score,

^†per percentage point increase in FEV₁