Table 3.

The EERs (%) of the proposed approach against some orientation-based methods.

Method [Ref.]	ERRs (%)
	Blue	Green	Red	NIR
Palm code [5]	0.0463	0.0507	0.0297	0.0332
Fusion code [21]	0.0212	0.0216	0.0179	0.0213
Ordinal code [22]	0.0202	0.0202	0.0161	0.0180
Competitive code [23]	0.0170	0.0168	0.0145	0.0137
RLOC [25]	0.0203	0.0249	0.0223	0.0208
BDOC–BHOG [26]	0.0487	0.0418	0.0160	0.0278
HOC [27]	0.0147	0.0144	0.0131	0.0139
DOC [28]	0.0146	0.0146	0.0119	0.0121
Proposed approach	0.0001	0.0003	0.0007	0.0017