(b).
| Self-reported measures | PTSD diagnosis N = 21 |
No diagnosis N = 104 |
t or x2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-9 [depression], M (SD) | 13.0 (5.7) | 3.8 (3.3) | 10.101 | <.001 |
| PHQ-9: DSM IV meets algorithm for major depression, N (%) | 7 (33) | 3 (3) | 21.536 | <.001 |
| PCL Checklist (PTSD), M (SD) | 54.7 (7.2) | 29.1 (9.5) | 11.633 | <.001 |
| PCL Checklist (PTSD): prorated total minus three depression items, M (SD) | 53.8 (7.8) | 28.4 (9.6) | 11.330 | <.001 |
| AUDIT: problematic alcohol use (scores ≥ 16), N (%) | 6 (29) | 14 (13) | 2.819 | .093 |
| Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, M (SD) | 57.9 (16.9) | 92.6 (18.4) | −7.980 | <.001 |
| LOT [optimism versus pessimism] | 13.134 | <.001 | ||
| Optimistic (scores ≥ 17), N (%) | 7 (33) | 77 (74) | ||
| Pessimistic (scores < 17), N (%) | 14 (67) | 27 (26) | ||
| UCLA Loneliness Scale, M (SD) | 49.5 (11.3) | 37.0 (8.8) | 5.634 | <.001 |