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. 2018 Jun 4;9:1158. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01158

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Copyright © 2018 Cueno and Ochiai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Gingival periodontal diseases level-butyric acid (BA) affected matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9-modulated inflammation affected representative neurological blood biomarkers. Quantification of blood cytosolic (A) MMP-9 activity and (B) toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) amounts are indicated. Results shown are mean ± SE utilizing independent samples (collected at 0, 6, and 12 h post-treatment with BA) of 10-week-old Wistar male rats (n = 6). Statistical analyses were performed using Anderson–Darling normality test and, if passed (p > 0.05), Student’s t-test (**p < 0.01). (C) Western blotting data of representative blood biomarkers. Antibodies used to detect amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS1), preseinilin-2 (PS2), and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate (GAPDH) are indicated.