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. 2018 Jun 4;9:1223. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01223

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Copyright © 2018 de Mattos Barbosa, de Andrade Silva, Assis, da Silva Prata, Ferreira, Andrade, da Paixão de Oliveira, Sperandio da Silva, da Costa Nery, Sarno and Pinheiro.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Leprosy lesions present a modulation of inflammasome-associated genes, the subunits of caspase-1 protein, and IL-1 β secretion between multibacillary patients who developed (T1R) or not (WR) reversal reactional episodes in the future. (A,B) Skin lesion samples were obtained from multibacillary patients who developed (T1R) or not (WR) reversal reactional episodes and analyzed as indicated. (A) Purified mRNAs from skin lesions of multibacillary patients who developed or not T1R episodes were analyzed by RT-qPCR for NLRP3, IL33, IL18, IL1B, and CASP1. Bars represent the mean values ± SEM of three patients of each group. (B) Increased activity of caspase-1 in T1R patients skin lesion. Protein contents from leprosy lesions were analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-caspase-1. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used to verify protein amount loading. Blots are shown (WR, n = 4; T1R, n = 5). Densitometric analysis of the blots was performed and the caspase-1 (p10 subunit) and pro-caspase-1 (p45 subunit)/GAPDH ratios are expressed as arbitrary units (AU). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05. (C) The IL-1β levels were assessed in the sera of multibacillary patients who developed (T1R) or not (WR) reversal reaction episodes by ELISA. Bars represent the mean values ± SEM (WR, n = 10; T1R, n = 12). ***p < 0.001.