Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics and Body Composition
| Baseline variables | Obese (n = 35) | Nonobese (n = 35) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 46 (39–50) | 45 (38–49) | .61 |
| Female, n (%) | 16 (45.7) | 14 (40) | .63 |
| Non-white, n (%) | 20 (57.1) | 18 (51.4) | .63 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 13 (37.1) | 12 (34.3) | .80 |
| Hepatitis C infection, n (%) | 4 (11.4) | 4 (11.4) | 1.00 |
| Body composition | |||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 35.6 (33.3–40.1) | 24.0 (22.0–26.5) | <.001 |
| Fat mass index, kg/m2 | 14.8 (13.1–18.7) | 7.1 (5.0–9.3) | <.001 |
| HIV characteristics | |||
| CD4+ at enrollment, cells/μL | 758 (618–962) | 621 (514–873) | .08 |
| CD4+ at ART initiation, cells/μL | 262 (141–392) | 250 (156–304) | .59 |
| Duration of ART, years | 6.7 (4.7–10.8) | 6.0 (4.3–9.6) | .58 |
| Measurements of glucose tolerance | |||
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 88.0 (77.5–93.5) | 82 (76.5–87.0) | .39 |
| Plasma insulin, μU/mL | 13.3 (8.6–19.4) | 6.1 (4.2–10.6) | <.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.2 (5.0–5.6) | 5.1 (4.9–5.5) | .14 |
| HOMA2 insulin resistancea | 1.72 (1.14–2.46) | 0.77 (0.53–1.26) | <.001 |
| HOMA2 beta cell function,a % | 172 (119–209) | 100 (82–127) | <.001 |
| Plasma lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 177 (155–200) | 174 (152–203) | .59 |
| High-density lipoprotein, mg/dL | 44 (39–49) | 46 (35–64) | .28 |
| Low-density lipoprotein, mg/dL | 111 (88–129) | 101 (85–122) | .50 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 104 (85–152) | 94 (66–131) | .12 |
Continuous variables are shown as median values with IQR. p-Values <.05 are shown in bold.
a
The HOMA2 estimates steady state insulin release (beta cell function) and insulin resistance.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range.