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. 2018 May 7;20(6):610–620. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.02.011

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© 2018 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Pharmacological blockade of ccRCC-induced HUVEC sprouting. (A and B) Confocal z-stack volume projections (400 μm total thickness) of HUVEC vessels grown for 5 days in the presence of ccRCC tumor clusters with flow containing EGM media plus vehicle (0.0002% BSA) or 200 ng/ml recombinant VEGFR2-Fc chimera. Scale bar, 100 μm. (C) Quantification of sprouting. Error bars represent the average deviation. The P value is < .01 for the comparison of sprouting between vehicle versus VEGFR2-Fc across both patients.