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. 2018 Jun 4;9:731. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00731

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Copyright © 2018 He, Liang, Cong, Chen, Zhao, Zhao, Zhang, Wang, Dong, Yang, Zhang, Qian, Fan and Yang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Putative pathways for BIA biosynthesis in C. teeta and C. chinensis. Enzymes found in this study are boxed. Abbreviations: TyrAT, L-tyrosine aminotransferase; 4HPPDC, 4-hydroxyphenylpuruvate decarboxylase; TYDC, tyrosine decarboxylase; 3OHase, tyrosine/tyramine 3-hydroxylase; NCS, (S)-norcoclaurine synthase; 6OMT, norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase; CNMT, (S)-coclaurine N-methyltransferase; NMCH, N-methylcoclaurine 3^′-hydroxylase; 4^′OMT, 3^′-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine 4^′-O-methyltransferase; BBE, berberine bridge enzyme; CTS, corytuberine synthase; SCNMT, (S)-corytuberine-N-methyltransferase; SOMT, (S)-scoulerine 9-O-methyltransferase; CAS, (S)-canadine synthase; STOX, (S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine oxidase; CoOMT, columbamine O-methyltransferase; CFS, (S)-cheilanthifoline synthase; SPS, (S)-stylopine synthase.