Table 2.
Prognostic factors for overall survival among male breast cancer patients.
| Variable | Overall Survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate Analysis* | Multivariate Analysis† | |||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||
| 1998–2000 | Reference | 0.66 | Reference | 0.17 |
| 2001–2003 | 0.90 (0.69, 1.16) | 0.41 | 0.87 (0.67, 1.13) | 0.30 |
| 204–2007 | 0.90 (0.69, 1.16) | 0.41 | 0.78 (0.60, 1.01) | 0.06 |
| Age, years | ||||
| <40 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| 40–50 | 1.38 (0.53, 3.55) | 0.51 | 1.00 (0.38, 2.61) | 1.00 |
| 50–60 | 1.08 (0.43, 2.71) | 0.87 | 0.90 (0.35, 2.27) | 0.82 |
| >60 | 3.53 (1.46, 8.53) | 0.005 | 2.82 (1.14, 6.92) | 0.02 |
| Race/ethnic | ||||
| White | Reference | 0.11 | Reference | 0.02 |
| Black | 1.25 (0.92, 1.71) | 0.15 | 1.45 (1.05, 2.00) | 0.02 |
| Othera | 0.70 (0.42, 1.15) | 0.15 | 0.68 (0.41, 1.12) | 0.13 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | Reference | Reference | ||
| Married | 0.56 (0.46, 0.69) | <0.001 | 0.55 (0.45, 0.67) | <0.001 |
| AJCC T stage | ||||
| T1mic/T1a/T1b | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| T1c | 1.33 (0.95, 1.84) | 0.10 | 1.28 (0.91, 1.79) | 0.16 |
| T2 | 2.42 (1.76, 3.32) | <0.001 | 2.09 (1.50, 2.91) | <0.001 |
| AJCC N stage | ||||
| N0 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | <0.001 |
| N1 | 1.42 (1.16, 1.73) | 0.001 | 1.87 (1.50, 2.32) | <0.001 |
| N2 | 1.70 (1.22, 2.35) | 0.002 | 2.60 (1.80, 3.75) | <0.001 |
| AJCC Stage | ||||
| I | Reference | <0.001 | \ | \ |
| IIa | 1.55 (1.22, 1.97) | <0.001 | \ | \ |
| IIb | 2.58 (1.99, 3.35) | <0.001 | \ | \ |
| IIIa | 2.24 (1.59, 3.15) | <0.001 | \ | \ |
| Histological type | ||||
| Lobular | Reference | 0.45 | Reference | 0.40 |
| Ductal | 0.30 (0.04, 2.10) | 0.22 | 0.31 (0.04, 2.20) | 0.24 |
| Others | 0.96 (0.73, 1.26) | 0.75 | 1.10 (0.83, 1.46) | 0.53 |
| Grade | ||||
| I | Reference | 0.002 | Reference | 0.003 |
| II | 1.67 (1.22, 2.29) | 0.002 | 1.69 (1.22, 2.35) | 0.002 |
| III | 1.78 (1.28, 2.47) | 0.001 | 1.81 (1.28, 2.55) | 0.001 |
| ER status | ||||
| Negative | Reference | Reference | ||
| Positive | 1.73 (0.98, 3.08) | 0.06 | 1.51 (0.82, 2.81) | 0.19 |
| PR status | ||||
| Negative | Reference | Reference | ||
| Positive | 1.13 (0.86, 1.48) | 0.38 | 1.09 (0.81, 1.47) | 0.57 |
| Surgery | ||||
| No surgery | Reference | 0.005 | Reference | 0.006 |
| BCS | 0.26 (0.11, 0.60) | 0.002 | 0.37 (0.15, 0.92) | 0.03 |
| Mastectomy | 0.26 (0.12, 0.59) | 0.001 | 0.29 (0.12, 0.68) | 0.005 |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.80 (0.64, 1.00) | 0.05 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.91) | 0.007 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.59 (0.48, 0.72) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.43. 0.69) | <0.001 |
*Univariable Cox regression analysis.
†Multivariate analysis adjusted by year of diagnosis, age of patients, race, marital status, AJCC T stage, AJCC N stage, status of ER and PR, histological type, nuclear grade, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery.
aAmerican Indian/AK Native, Asian/Pacific Islander.
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence intervals; MBC, male breast cancer; FBC, female breast cancer; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer system; ER, estrogen-receptor; PR, progesterone receptor; BCS, breast conserving surgery.