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. 2018 Jun 5;12:227. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00227

Table 1.

Descriptive information of studies and contrasts used in the meta-analyses.

Article n Male Handedness Age range Task Contrast Foci p-valuec
Arsalidou et al., 2011 15 2 N/A 26.3 ± 4.5 Dynamic and static happy and neutrala Happy: dynamic > static 2 P < 0.01 using cluster level threshold p = 0.05
Dynamic > static 5 P < 0.01, using cluster level threshold p = 0.05
Grosbras and Paus, 2006 20 10 R 19–46 Angry and neutral movements of facesb Neutral: dynamic > control 28 P < 0.05 using Gaussian random-field theory to correct for multiple comparisons
Angry: dynamic > control 27 P < 0.05 using Gaussian random-field theory to correct for multiple comparisons
Hurlemann et al., 2008 14 7 R 25.04 ± 2.4 Dynamic happy and angry facial animationsb Dynamic:emotional > neutral 10 P < 0.001, uncorrected
Dynamic: angry > neutral 3
Dynamic: happy > neutral 17
LaBar et al., 2003 10 5 R 21–30 Dynamic and static; angry and fearfulb Anger morph > static 6 P < 0.001, uncorrected
Fear morph > static 16
Identity morph > static neutral 16
Emotion morph > static emotion 17
Lee et al., 2010 17 7 R 24.94 ± 4.16 Dynamic and static turning heada Turning heads > static heads 9 P < 0.05, cluster corrected,
Pelphrey et al., 2007 8 6 All R 24.1 ± 5.6 Dynamic and static; angry and fearfula Dynamic emotions > static emotions (normal group) 6 P < 0.05, uncorrected
Pentón et al., 2010 13 8 N/A 19–55 Static and dynamic, neutral and fearful facesb Dynamic > static 21 P < 0.05, FDR corrected
Robins et al., 2009 10 3 N/A 22.3 ± 4.6 Dynamic angry, happy, fearful, and neutralb Dynamic emotion > neutral 5 P < 0.001
Sarkheil et al., 2013 20 9 R 20–42 Angry and happy morph face stimulib Intensity effect (more > less) 8 P < 0.05, cluster-size thresholding
Sato et al., 2015 15 9 R 26.9 ± 3.9 Fearful, happy, and neutral dynamic and static faces and mosaicsa Dynamic facial > dynamic mosaics; time 150–200 13 P < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons with a height threshold of P < 0.01 (uncorrected)
Dynamic facial > dynamic mosaics; time 200–250 3
Dynamic facial > dynamic mosaics; time 250–300 4
Dynamic facial > dynamic mosaics; time 300–350 6
Dynamic facial > dynamic mosaics; time 350–400 5
Sato et al., 2004 11 * R 26.5 Dynamic fearful and neutral facesa Fear: dynamic > static 18 P < 0.05
11 * Happy: dynamic > static 12
Schultz and Pilz, 2009 10 6 N/A N/A Dynamic and static; angry and surprisedb Dynamic faces > static faces 6 P < 0.05, FDR-corrected and cluster-wise corrected
Schultz et al., 2013 26 14 R 22–39 Video recordings of moving faces, static faces and scrambled order of dynamic facesb Movies with ordered frames > movies with scrambled frames 3 P < 0.001, uncorrected
Original 25 Hz movies > static faces 4
Trautmann et al., 2009 16 0 R 21.6 ± 2.3 Dynamic and static; happy and disgusta Dynamic faces (happy > neutral) > static faces (happy > neutral) 14 P < 0.001, uncorrected
Dynamic faces (disgust > neutral) > static faces (disgust > neutral) 18

n = sample size;

*

= 22 participants (10 males) participated in two studies, gender assignment was not specified; N/A, not available; R, all right handed;

a

studies that instruct participants to passively view faces;

b

studies that instruct participants to make judgments about faces,

c

thresholding settings reported in paper.