Table 1.
Characteristics of participants at baseline, 2013-2015
| Characteristics | COPD patients (n = 75) | Referents (n = 90) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | |||
| Overall | 66.6±8.7 | 59.8±6.1 | <0.0011 |
| Male | 66.5±8.7 | 56.0±4.2 | <0.0011 |
| Female | 70.0±7.2 | 62.4±5.8 | 0.201 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.3±3.2 | 23.8±2.9 | 0.0021 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 72 (96.0) | 36 (40.0) | <0.0012 |
| Female | 3 (4.0) | 54 (60.0) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Current smoker | 24 (32.0) | 14 (15.6) | |
| Ex-smoker | 41 (54.7) | 11 (12.2) | <0.0012 |
| Never smoker | 10 (13.3) | 65 (72.2) | |
| Occupation | |||
| White-collar | 5 (6.7) | 11 (12.2) | |
| Blue-collar | 25 (33.3) | 71 (78.9) | <0.0012 |
| Retired or unemployed | 45 (60.0) | 8 (8.9) | |
| Prevalence | |||
| Hay fever | 5 (6.7) | 1 (1.1) | 0.062 |
| Self-reported asthma | 5 (6.7) | 1 (1.1) | 0.062 |
| COPD status (GOLD stage) | |||
| I | 18 (24.0) | ||
| II | 36 (48.0) | ||
| III | 17 (22.7) | ||
| IV | 4 (5.3) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.
1
Welch t-test.
2
χ2-test.