Table 3.
Regulators of cereal inflorescence structure.
| Protein Description | Maize | Barley | Wheat | Rice | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2H2 Transcription factor | RAMOSA1 (RA1) | N | N | N | Vollbrecht et al., 2005. |
| Lateral Organ Boundary Domain | RAMOSA2 (RA2) | VRS4 (HvRA2) | N | N | Bortiri et al., 2006; Koppolu et al., 2013. |
| Trehalose-6-phosphatase | RAMOSA3 (RA3) | SISTER OF RAMOSA 3 (HvSRA3) | N | N | Satoh-Nagasawa et al., 2006. |
| TCP transcription factor (BRC1) | TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) | HvTB1 | TaTB1 | FINECULM/ OsTB1 | Doebley et al., 1997; Takeda et al., 2003; Ramsay et al., 2011; Dixon et al., 2018. |
| Homeodomain transcription factor | GRASSY TILLERS | VRS1 | N | N | Komatsuda et al., 2007; Whipple et al., 2011. |
| APETALA2-like gene family | INDETERMINATE SPIKELET1 (IDS1), SISTER OF IDS1 | ZEOCRITON | Q | SUPER-NUMERARY BRACT, Oryza sativa OsIDS1 | Lee et al., 2007; Chuck et al., 2008; Lee and An, 2012; Houston et al., 2013; Greenwood et al., 2017. |
| AP2/Ethylene Response Factor | BRANCHED SILKLESS | COMPOSITUM2 | BRANCHED HEAD MULTIROW SPIKE | FRIZZY PANICLE, BRANCHED FLORETLESS | Chuck et al., 2002; Komatsu et al., 2003; Zhu et al., 2003; Dobrovolskaya et al., 2015; Poursarebani et al., 2015. |
| Short-internodes1-like | N | VRS2 | N | N | Youssef et al., 2017. |
| Florigen (poly-ethanolamine binding protein) | Zea mays CENTRORADIALIS8 (ZCN8) | FLOWERING LOCUS T-like 1 (FT1) | FT1 | HD3A/RFT1 | Turner et al., 2005; Meng et al., 2011; Boden et al., 2015. |
| Topless co-repressor (TPL) | RAMOSA ENHANCER LOCUS2 | N | TaTPL | ABERRANT SPIKELET AND PANICLE1 | Gallavotti et al., 2010; Yoshida et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2017, 2018. |
| Histone Demethylase | N | VRS3 | N | N | Bull et al., 2017; van Esse et al., 2017. |
N indicates component not identified/characterized. Notes on abbreviations: C2H2 refers to a class of zinc finger transcription factor. TCP1 is named after the proteins TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) from maize (Zea mays), CYCLOIDEA (CYC) from snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN FACTOR1 from rice (Oryza sativa). Other undefined abbreviations include VRS: row type gene and HD3A: HEADING DATE 3A. Q is simply the Q gene, not an abbreviation.