Table 1.
Demographics for all participants
| CN | MCI | AD | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All ADNI, n = 215 | ||||
| Participants (female) | 73 (46) | 96 (36) | 46 (17) | 0.0016 |
| Age (years) | 72.98 (0.84) | 73.80 (0.73) | 74.58 (1.06) | 0.4900 |
| Education (years) | 16.30 (0.32) | 16.10 (0.28) | 15.24 (0.41) | 0.1086 |
| MMSE (−)a | 28.67 (0.25) | 27.88 (0.22) | 23.14 (0.32) | <0.0001 |
| APOE ε4 (# alleles)b | 0.32 (0.10) | 0.64 (0.07) | 0.88 (0.11) | 0.0006 |
| Translation motion (mm) | 1.32 (0.07) | 1.34 (0.06) | 1.35 (0.09) | 0.9671 |
| Rotation motion (degrees) | 0.0062 (0.0003) | 0.0063 (0.0003) | 0.0068 (0.0004) | 0.5621 |
| Volume of WMC* (cc) | 4.93 (0.75) | 7.10 (0.66) | 8.85 (0.95) | 0.0046 |
| Total WM volume (cc) | 415.71 (6.46) | 426.08 (5.63) | 408.59 (8.13) | 0.1783 |
| Ventricular volume (cc) | 30.56 (1.96) | 36.59 (1.71) | 44.46 (2.46) | <0.0001 |
| Hippocampal volume (cc) | 7.64 (0.12) | 6.81 (0.10) | 5.79 (0.15) | <0.0001 |
| ADNI subgroup with WMC volume >1% total WM volume, n = 118 | ||||
| Participants (female) | 30 (17) | 54 (20) | 34 (9) | 0.0436 |
| Age (years) | 75.74 (1.24) | 76.61 (0.93) | 77.05 (1.17) | 0.7356 |
| Education (years) | 16.30 (0.54) | 16.22 (0.40) | 15.41 (0.51) | 0.3774 |
| MMSE (−)c | 28.17 (0.49) | 27.64 (0.30) | 22.48 (0.41) | <0.0001 |
| APOE ε4 (# alleles)d | 0.18 (0.16) | 0.65 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.12) | 0.0108 |
| Translation motion (mm) | 1.35 (0.11) | 1.46 (0.08) | 1.48 (0.11) | 0.6372 |
| Rotation motion (degrees) | 0.0063 (0.0005) | 0.0069 (0.0004) | 0.0073 (0.0005) | 0.4292 |
| Volume of WMC* (cc) | 8.33 (1.31) | 10.68 (0.98) | 11.06 (1.23) | 0.2556 |
| Total WM volume (cc) | 414.12 (11.08) | 425.13 (8.26) | 411.60 (10.41) | 0.5395 |
| Ventricular volume (cc) | 36.33 (3.23) | 43.03 (2.41) | 48.90 (3.04) | 0.0208 |
| Hippocampal volume (cc) | 7.39 (0.18) | 6.49 (0.13) | 5.69 (0.17) | <0.0001 |
All significant p-values are bolded. Standard errors are shown in parentheses. (MMSE, Mini-Mental State Exam; CN, control; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; WM, white matter; WMC, white matter changes).
a
Information missing for 16 CN, 20 MCI and 11 AD.
b
Information missing for 29 CN, 5MCI and 12 AD.
c
Information missing for 12 CN, 7MCI and 9 AD.
d
Information missing for 13 CN, 3 MCI and 7 AD.
*
Caution should be exercised when comparing with volumes of white matter hyperintensities obtained with T2-weighted and FLAIR MRI which are very strongly correlated with WMC volumes obtained with FreeSurfer but approximately 1.14 times greater than WMC volumes.