Table 1.
Self-management of cancer pain<attributes>
| Category | Subcategory | Code | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interaction with health-care professionals | Communication with health-care professionals | Contacting support when needed | 10,11,19,22,27,28 |
| Questions and consultation with health-care professionals | 11,12,28,35 | ||
| Communication with health-care professionals | 10,11,21,22,25 | ||
| Negotiation about preferable pain management for patient with healthcare professionals | 12,35 | ||
| Partnership with healthcare professionals | Discussion with health-care professionals | 8,24 | |
| Sharing the pain situation with health-care professionals | 8,19,21,28 | ||
| Collaboration with health-care professionals | 3,15,26,27,28 | ||
| Partnership with health-care professionals | 22,28,30 | ||
| Decision-making to pain management | Active participation in pain management | Active attitude for pain management | 10,21 |
| Self-activation for pain management | 15 | ||
| Active participation in pain management | 28,29 | ||
| Responsibility for pain management | Morality and responsibility for using opioid analgesic | 18 | |
| Consistently taking initiative for their own health care | 22 | ||
| Determination to self-manage pain | The intention to manage opioid analgesics | 32,33,34 | |
| Willingness to accept a new pain management method | 12,18,24 | ||
| Accepting ownership of pain control | 12,19,27,28 | ||
| Autonomous action | 12 | ||
| Process for solving pain-related problems | Process | Changing process | 11,12,27 |
| Complicated process | 9,19 | ||
| Developmental process | 27 | ||
| Understanding pain conditions | Understanding pain conditions | 10,12,19,28,35 | |
| Understanding one’s own pain | 20,35 | ||
| Having standards of pain control | 12,30 | ||
| Goal setting for pain relief | Goal setting for pain relief | 8,17,25,26,27,28,30 | |
| Planning for pain relief | Tailored pain relief plan | 8,22,27 | |
| A realistic pain relief plan | 30,35 | ||
| Consideration of use and method for analgesic drugs | 35 | ||
| Implementing pharmacological pain relief strategies | Adherence to medication | 10,11,12,18,21,28 | |
| Supervision and use of rescue dose | 32,33,34,35 | ||
| Monitoring side effects of analgesic drugs | 10,28,35 | ||
| Implementing nonpharmacological pain relief strategies | Use of the nonpharmacological pain relief strategies | 10,11,12,15,21 | |
| Positioning | 8,35 | ||
| Integration of emotions | 8,12,17,28,35 | ||
| Self-monitoring | Self-monitoring of pain | 11,20,25 | |
| Self-monitoring of the effects of an analgesic drug and its side effects | 11,19,24 | ||
| Use of a pain diary | 24,26 | ||
| Evaluation of pain-relieving effect | Evaluate change in pain. | 35 | |
| Evaluate the effects of medical treatment | 8,26,35 | ||
| Modification of pain-relieving plan | Modification of pain-relieving plan with the data from self-monitoring | 11,26 | |
| Self-efficacy | Self-efficacy | Self-efficacy | 7,8,17,19 |
| Confidence | Confidence | 27 | |
| Confidence in problem-solving | 30 | ||
| Confidence in pain management | 28,35 | ||
| Confidence and motivation for the next step | 35 | ||
| Incorporating strategies for pain relief into daily life | Incorporating strategies for pain relief into daily life | Every day | 18 |
| Incorporating strategies of pain relief into daily life | 9 | ||
| Using problem-solving skills for pain as a part of daily life | Using problem-solving skills for pain as a part of daily life | 25 | |
| Maintaining pain control into daily life | Maintaining desirable pain control into daily life | 12 |