Table 3.

Self-management of cancer pain<outcomes>

Category	Subcategory	Code	Reference
Pain relief	Improvement in pain management	Improvement in the knowledge about pain management	9,10,20,22
		Improved pain control	19
	Optimization of medication	Improvement in patient adherence to medication	3,10,22,27,34
		Dose adjustment of analgesic by patient to optimum dose	9,23,28,32,34,35
	Pain relief	Decrease in pain intensity	10,12,15,16,17,19,20,22,23,24,28,32
		Pain control	8,9,10,11,17,27,28,34
Well-being	Improvement of QOL	Improvement of QOL	10,11,12,18,19,30
	Improvement of effects related to pain	Improvement of effects related to pain	10,15,20
	Positive emotions	Positive emotions	17,22
	Sense of security	Sense of security from familiarity of a pain management strategy	24
		Sense of security from having analgesic drug at hand	32,33
	Satisfaction	High satisfaction	24
		Sufficiency of self-management	28
Empowerment	Empowerment	Empowerment	3,10,15,27,28,29,31
	Restoration of self-reliance	Restoration of self-confidence	30