Table 8.

Characteristics of studies regarding the association of cognitive function with undefined psychological distress

Authors, date	Purpose	Study design/sampling	Sample size (n)/sample characteristics	Procedures and instruments	Key findings
Cimprich et al., 2005	To examine the relationship between cognitive function and pretreatment factors	Cross-sectional/convenience sampling	n=184 Female, diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer, before surgery for breast cancer	Cognitive function  Objective measures: DSF, DSB, TMA, TMB TS, TW  Self-report: AFI Psychological statues  Self-report: POMS-SF	Small but significant relationship between overall mood states and objectively assessed cognitive function A significant relationship between overall mood states and subjectively assessed CI
Menning et al., 2015	To examine pretreatment cognitive function in breast cancer patients	Cross-sectional/convenience sampling	n=103 Breast cancer (n=65) Female, underwent surgery Prechemotherapy (n=32); postchemotherapy (n=33) Healthy control (n=38)	Assessed cognitive function, self-reported psychological functioning, and MRI in breast cancer patients who underwent surgery and those without cancer Cognitive function  Objective measures: Neurological test, MRI Psychological status  Self-report: HSCL-25, POMS	Performance on verbal memory was associated with depression scores Processing speed was correlated with emotional functioning, overall psychological status, and anxiety

DSF: Digit span forward, TMA: Trail making test A, TS: Three shape, TW: Three words, AFI: Attentional Function Index, POMS-SF: Profile Mood States-Short Form, DSB: Digit span backward, TMB: Trail making test B, MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging, HSCL-25: Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, CI: Cognitive impairment