Table S2.

General summary of expert opinion on the top barriers to the use of LAIs in the field

Barriers to the use of LAIs	Experts who listed barrier as ranking in the top 3 to limit the use of LAIs, n (N = 31)
Cost/not on formulary/not reimbursed by insurance	14
Negative perception/prescriber bias/stigma associated with injections as coercive, punitive, taking away patient autonomy/fear of impact on therapeutic alliance	14
Lack of knowledge/experience with LAIs and how to dose them	11
Lack of infrastructure and staff to use LAIs/time constraints/concern about it being more work to prescribe and provide LAIs	11
Perceptions about the types of patients for whom LAIs are appropriate (eg, only patients who are nonadherent, who have had multiple relapses, who are seen as the “worst of the worst,” with schizophrenia but not bipolar disorder)	9
Patient refusal/fear/dislike of injections	8
Concern about inability to adjust dosage/discontinue medication immediately as needed, concern about persistence of potential side effects	6
Problems presenting/explaining LAIs to patients	5
Availability of only a limited number of LAIs with FDA indications	3
Lack of family support	3
Believing patients will reject LAIs but not asking patients themselves	2
Concern about patients not returning for injections	2
Concern about pain at injection site	1
Overestimation of patients’ level of adherence	1
Patient having to come into the office biweekly or monthly for injections	1
Lack of awareness of the importance of adherence	1

Abbreviations: FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; LAI, long-acting injectable antipsychotic.