Table 1.
Heart failure patient characteristics and comorbidities (n = 72)
| Younger group, age ≤85 years | Super‐elderly group, age >85 years | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 51 | n = 21 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 30 (58.8) | 8 (38.0) | NS |
| Underlying cardiac disease, n (%) | |||
| Chronic ischemic, n (%) | 16 (31.4) | 7 (33.3) | NS |
| Acute coronary syndrome, n (%) | 2 (3.9) | 1 (4.8) | NS |
| Hypertensive, n (%) | 3 (5.9) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Aortic valve stenosis, n (%) | 4 (7.8) | 2 (9.5) | NS |
| Other valvular, n (%) | 3 (5.9) | 3 (14.3) | NS |
| Cardiomyopathic, n (%) | 6 (11.8) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Myocarditis, n (%) | 2 (3.9) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Others, n (%) | 4 (7.8) | 2 (9.5) | NS |
| Atrial fibrillation | |||
| Paroxysmal, n (%) | 2 (3.9) | 2 (9.5) | NS |
| Chronic, n (%) | 22 (43.1) | 9 (42.9) | NS |
| Implanted cardiac pacemaker/defibrillator, n (%) | 3 (5.9) | 2 (9.5) | NS |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 3 (5.9) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Lung disease, n (%) | 5 (9.8) | 2 (9.5) | NS |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | |||
| Median | 1.1 | 0.9 | NS |
| Interquartile range | 0.8–1.3 | 0.8–1.4 | |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 28.8 ± 18.0 | 32.6 ± 18.1 | NS |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 49.7 ± 21.6 | 48.0 ± 19.6 | NS |
| >60, n (%) | 16 (31.4) | 5 (23.8) | NS |
| 30–60, n (%) | 25 (49.0) | 13 (61.9) | NS |
| <30, n (%) | 10 (19.6) | 3 (14.3) | NS |
| B‐type natriuretic peptide, pg/mL | |||
| Median | 556 | 521 | NS |
| Interquartile range | 349–1268 | 372–1410 | |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 50.4 ± 15.6 | 53.2 ± 16.6 | NS |
| HFREF (EF < 50%), n (%) | 23 (45.1) | 7 (33.3) | NS |
| HFPEF (EF > 51%), n (%) | 28 (54.9) | 14 (66.7) | NS |
EF, ejection fraction; HFREF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFPEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; NS, not significant.