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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018 Jul 1;78(3):276–282. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001680

Table 2.

Association between fertility desire and semen detection by PSA test, secondary self-reported behavioral outcomes, and STIs, stratified by use of modern non-barrier contraceptive methods

Outcome Visits with
fertility desire		 Visits without
fertility desire		 RR (95% CI) p-value aRR (95% CI) p-value
Visits when women reported not using any modern non-barrier contraceptive method
PSA detected 82/385 (21.3) 158/1007 (15.7) 1.36 (0.97, 1.90) 0.07 1.55 (1.05, 2.29)1 0.01
Condomless sex in past week2 130/878 (14.8) 199/2,338 (8.5) 1.74 (1.00, 3.04) 0.05 1.74 (1.00, 3.11)3 0.04
Visits when women reported using any modern non-barrier contraceptive method
PSA detected 10/77 (13.0) 121/536 (22.6) 0.58 (0.36, 0.92) 0.02 0.58 (0.35, 0.95)4 0.03
Condomless sex in past week2 46/180 (25.6) 101/1,252 (8.1) 3.17 (1.38, 7.29) 0.01 2.55 (1.23, 5.73)5 0.01

RR, Relative Risk; aRR, adjusted Relative Risk; PSA, prostate specific antigen test

1

The final multivariate models were adjusted for age (continuous) and number of live births at enrollment (continuous), and included 196 women and 1,383 examination visits.

2

Data on condomless sex were collected monthly.

3

The final multivariate model was adjusted for age (continuous), number of live births at enrollment (continuous), and included 171 women and 1,639 visits.

4

The final multivariate model was adjusted for age, number of live births, and age of first sex (binary), and included 100 women and 613 examination visits.

5

The final multivariate model was adjusted for age, number of live births, and age of first sex (binary), including 92 women and 855 visits.