Table 1.
Non-cigarette tobacco product availability and advertising in a cohort of retailers near New Jersey high schools, 2015–2016 (n=194)
| Cigarettes | Cigars/cigarillos | E-cigarettes | Smokeless tobacco | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | 2016 | ||
| % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | ||
| Product availability* | |||||||||
| Overall (n=194) | 99.0 | 99.0 | 82.0 | 87.1 | 57.7 | 46.9 | 20.1 | 16.5 | |
| Store type | |||||||||
| Convenience (chain) (n=11) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 90.9 | |
| Convenience (non-chain) (n=88) | 98.9 | 98.9 | 87.5 | 92.1 | 45.5 | 33.0 | 9.1 | 9.1 | |
| Gas station (n=30) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 86.7 | 90.0 | 63.3 | 50.0 | 40.0 | 33.3 | |
| Drug store (n=18) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 61.1 | 61.1 | 88.9 | 77.8 | 33.3 | 11.1 | |
| Liquor store (n=25) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 84.0 | 96.0 | 56.0 | 44.0 | 8.0 | 4.0 | |
| Other† (n=22) | 95.5 | 95.5 | 59.1 | 68.2 | 54.6 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 4.6 | |
| School income level‡ | |||||||||
| Low income (n=102) | 98.0 | 98.0 | 82.4 | 91.2 | 44.1 | 33.3 | 8.8 | 5.9 | |
| Mid-to-high-income (n=92) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 81.5 | 82.6 | 72.8 | 62.0 | 32.6 | 28.3 | |
| Percent non-white students | |||||||||
| >90% (n=104) | 98.1 | 98.1 | 82.7 | 91.4 | 45.2 | 34.6 | 9.6 | 6.7 | |
| 50%–90% (n=45) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 77.8 | 80.0 | 62.2 | 48.9 | 13.3 | 6.7 | |
| <50% (n=45) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 84.4 | 84.4 | 82.2 | 73.3 | 51.1 | 48.9 | |
| Exterior advertising§ | |||||||||
| Overall (n=194) | 53.6 | 51.0 | 10.8 | 13.9 | 29.4 | 19.6 | 4.1 | 3.6 | |
| Store type | |||||||||
| Convenience (chain) (n=11) | 81.8 | 90.9 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 63.6 | 45.5 | 18.2 | 9.1 | |
| Convenience (non-chain) (n=88) | 58.0 | 56.8 | 13.6 | 17.1 | 27.3 | 18.2 | 0.0 | 1.1 | |
| Gas station (n=30) | 73.3 | 66.8 | 20.0 | 26.7 | 60.0 | 43.3 | 16.7 | 16.7 | |
| Drug store (n=18) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Liquor store (n=25) | 32.0 | 32.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 12.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Other (n=22) | 63.6 | 50.0 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 22.7 | 13.6 | 4.6 | 0.0 | |
| Student income level | |||||||||
| Low income (n=102) | 54.9 | 52.0 | 9.8 | 12.8 | 18.6 | 8.8 | 0.0 | 1.0 | |
| Mid-to-high-income (n=92) | 52.2 | 50.0 | 12.0 | 15.2 | 41.3 | 31.5 | 8.7 | 6.5 | |
| Percent non-white | |||||||||
| >90% (n=104) | 55.8 | 52.9 | 9.6 | 13.5 | 20.2 | 9.6 | 0.0 | 1.0 | |
| 50%–90% (n=45) | 51.1 | 48.9 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 28.9 | 13.3 | 2.2 | 0.0 | |
| <50% (n=45) | 51.1 | 48.9 | 13.3 | 17.8 | 51.1 | 48.9 | 15.6 | 13.3 | |
| Interior advertising | |||||||||
| Overall (n=194) | 64.4 | 63.9 | 15.0 | 22.7 | 32.0 | 25.3 | 10.8 | 11.9 | |
| Store type | |||||||||
| Convenience (chain) (n=11) | 90.9 | 90.9 | 54.6 | 63.6 | 90.9 | 90.9 | 72.7 | 81.8 | |
| Convenience (non-chain) (n=88) | 61.4 | 62.5 | 15.9 | 22.7 | 26.1 | 18.2 | 2.3 | 5.7 | |
| Gas station (n=30) | 56.7 | 53.3 | 16.7 | 30.0 | 43.3 | 40.0 | 33.3 | 30.0 | |
| Drug store (n=18) | 72.2 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Liquor store (n=25) | 72.0 | 68.0 | 8.0 | 20.0 | 16.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Other (n=22) | 59.1 | 63.6 | 9.1 | 13.6 | 27.3 | 31.8 | 4.6 | 0.0 | |
| School district | |||||||||
| Low income (n=102) | 58.8 | 56.9 | 8.8 | 17.7 | 20.6 | 16.7 | 2.9 | 3.9 | |
| Mid-to-high-income (n=92) | 70.7 | 71.7 | 21.7 | 28.3 | 44.6 | 34.8 | 19.6 | 20.7 | |
| Percent non-white | |||||||||
| >90% (n=104) | 59.6 | 57.7 | 10.6 | 18.3 | 22.1 | 18.3 | 3.9 | 4.8 | |
| 50%–90% (n=45) | 68.9 | 71.1 | 13.3 | 17.8 | 35.6 | 22.2 | 8.9 | 4.4 | |
| <50% (n=45) | 71.1 | 71.1 | 26.7 | 37.8 | 51.1 | 44.4 | 28.9 | 35.6 | |
*
Product availability was assessed by visual inspection, or if not seen, by asking the store employee if the product in question was sold there.
†
‘Other stores’ included tobacco stores, smoke shops, dollar stores, delis.
‡
Low income defined as retailers near schools with >75% of students receiving free or reduced lunch.
§
An ‘advertisement’ was defined as an industry-made sign, larger than a standard index card, featuring a product logo and/or image