Table 4.
Different frequency of changes and appearance of high-risk stigmata/worrisome features in patients with malignant disease compared to controls
| Variable | Control Group (n = 160) | Malignancy (n = 7) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-risk stigmata | 0 | 3 | |
| Enhanced mural nodule | 0 | 1 | 0.042 |
| MPD caliber ≥10 mm | 0 | 1 | 0.042 |
| Jaundice | 0 | 1 | 0.042 |
| Worrisome features | 37 | 7 | |
| Cyst size ≥3 cm | 19 | 2 | 0.215 |
| Cyst wall thickening | 10 | 2 | 0.081 |
| Mural nodule | 10 | 3 | 0.011 |
| MPD caliber 5–9 mm | 7 | 3 | 0.005 |
| Acute pancreatitis | 4 | 0 | 1.000 |
| Additional features | |||
| Family history of PDAC | 6 | 0 | 1.000 |
| History of symptoms | 31 | 0 | 0.351 |
| Multifocal disease | 101 | 5 | 1.000 |
| Cyst growth | 57 | 2 | 1.000 |
| Appearance of new cysts | 56 | 0 | 0.097 |
| Mural nodule growth | 0 | 2 | 0.002 |
| New symptoms | 6 | 1 | 0.263 |
| High-grade atypia on EUS-FNA | 0 | 4 | <0.001 |
p values refer to subgroup comparisons with Pearson’s χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test
EUS-FNA endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration, PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
p values which were <0.05 implying statistical significance were highlighted in bold.