Table 1.
Comparison of reaction conditions and yields of enzymatic butyl butyrate synthesis
| Reaction systema | Enzymeb | Reaction | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time (h) | Yield (%) | |||
| O (heptane) | Immob. Candida rugosa lipase | 48 | 69 | 25 |
| O (hexane) | C. cylindracea lipase (free or immob.) | 91 | 87 | 14 |
| O (heptane) | Immob. C. rugosa lipase | 48 | 69 | 27 |
| B (90%) | Immob. HiC | 24 | 52 | This work |
| B (50%)c | Immob. HiC | 24 | 91 | This work |
| B (50%) | Immob. Lipase M | 96 | 77 | This work |
| B (5%) | R. miehei lipase | 6 | 100 | 13 |
| Aq. | Immob. C. rugosa lipase | 96 | 32d | 47 |
aO, organic anhydrous (solvent); B biphasic (% of water); Aq., aqueous
bImmob., immobilized
cFourfold enzyme dosing compared to that in the reaction in 90% water content
dDetected after rigorous extraction that destroyed the biocatalyst