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. 2018 Jun 12;9:2201. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04423-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The Storage Security Calculator concept. The CO₂ immobilisation model [1] combines two sub-models: [1a] residual trapping, and [1b] chemical trapping (defined as a combination of solubility and mineral trapping). The CO₂ leakage model [2] combines three sub-models: [2a] leakage through active (injection) wells, [2b] abandoned wells, and [2c] leakage via natural pathways. The key input parameters for each sub-model are shown