Table 1.
Anthropometric and routine laboratory parameters of the study participants.
| Obese (n = 50) | Control (n = 32) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (F/M) | 43/7 | 27/5 | ns |
| Age (yr) | 44.20 ± 13.50 | 41.78 ± 5.97 | ns |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 41.96 ± 8.63 | 24.47 ± 2.51 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 119.76 ± 16.87 | 83.62 ± 9.25 | <0.001 |
| hsCRP (mg/l) | 8.24 (3.2–13.09) | 1.57 (0.6–2.94) | <0.001 |
| Fructosamine (μmol/l) | 225.32 ± 27.95 | 229.0 ± 11.65 | ns |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone (mU/l) | 1.98 ± 0.98 | 1.93 ± 1.15 | ns |
| Lipid parameters | |||
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 1.4 (1.1–2.0) | 1.0 (0.75–1.39) | <0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.04 ± 0.83 | 5.07 ± 0.78 | ns |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.36 ± 0.33 | 1.56 ± 0.46 | <0.05 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.17 ± 0.74 | 2.93 ± 0.52 | ns |
| Apolipoprotein A–I (g/l) | 1.48 ± 0.24 | 1.68 ± 0.31 | <0.01 |
| Apolipoprotein B (g/l) | 0.86 ± 0.20 | 0.94 ± 0.18 | ns |
| Lipoprotein(a) (mg/l) | 248 (120–586) | 70 (30–214) | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrate parameters | |||
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 5.76 ± 0.54 | 5.07 ± 0.33 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.90 ± 0.75 | 4.82 ± 0.48 | ns |
| OGTT 120 min | 7.00 ± 2.01 | ||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | 21.01 ± 15.91 | ||
| HOMA-IR | 3.75 (2.4–6.52) | ||
| Inflammatory and oxidative markers | |||
| Tumor necrosis factor-α (pg/ml) | 1.783 (1.41–2.254) | 1.39 (1.20–1.67) | <0.01 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 3.439 (1.817–4.89) | 0.97 (0.63–1.28) | <0.001 |
| Oxidized LDL (U/l) | 46.8 ± 9.95 | 41.1 ± 9.57 | <0.01 |
| Paraoxonase activity (U/l) | 64.72 (43.79–149.52) | 83.03 (47.9–167.4) | ns |
| Arylesterase activity (U/l) | 121.61 ± 23.65 | 131.1 ± 28.75 | ns |
| Myeloperoxidase (ng/ml) | 280 (148.3–386.3) | 207.9 (125.8–265.2) | <0.05 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (lower quartile–upper quartile). HDL: high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density-lipoprotein; OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; ns: nonsignificant.