Table 1.

Clinical prognostic scores.

1.1 Bova score
Variables	Points
SBP ≤100 mmHg	+2
Elevated cardiac troponin	+2
RV dysfunction	+2
Heart rate ≥110 beats/min	+1
The total score is calculated as the sum of the points assigned to each variable and is used to classify patients as Stage I, II, or III
Stages	Points
Stage I	0–2
Stage II	3–4
Stage III	>4
Low/intermediate risk is defined by a score ≤4, those with a score >4 are considered high risk
1.2 Geneva prognostic score (GPS)
Variables	Points
Cancer	+2
Heart failure	+1
Previous DVT	+1
SBP <100 mmHg	+2
SaO2 < 90%	+1
Concomitant proximal DVT	+1
The total score is calculated as the sum of the points assigned to each variable. Low risk is defined by a score of ≤2.
1.3 Pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI)
Variables	Points
Age	Age in years
Male gender	+10
Cancer	+30
Heart failure	+10
Chronic lung disease	+10
Heart rate ≥110 beats/min	+20
SBP <100 mmHg	+30
Respiratory rate >30 breath/min	+20
Temperature <36°C/96.8°F	+20
Altered mental status	+60
SaO2 <90%	+20
The total score is calculated as the sum of the age in years and the points assigned to each variable and used to classify patients as class I, II, III, IV, or V.
Classes	Points
Class I	≤65
Class II	66–85
Class III	86–105
Class IV	106–125
Class V	>125
Low risk is defined by a score of ≤85 or a risk class ≤II.
1.4 Simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI)
Variables	Points
Age >80 years	+1
Cancer	+1
Chronic cardiopulmonary disease	+1
Heart rate ≥110 beats/min	+1
SBP <100 mmHg	+1
SaO2 < 90%	+1
The total score is calculated as the sum of the points assigned to each variable. Patients with a score of 0 were determined to be low risk, while those with a score of 1 or more were considered high risk.

SBP, systolic blood pressure; RV dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction; DVT, deep-venous thrombosis; SaO₂, oxygen saturation.