TABLE 2.

Average student value for different types of preclass assignments^a

Preclass assignment	Mean and SD
Instructor-generated videos	M = 3.90, SD = 0.99
Other types of reading (such as news articles)	M = 2.73, SD = 1.28
Textbook reading	M = 2.26, SD = 1.32

^aStudents rated the extent to which they valued different types of preclass assignments from 1 (lowest value) to 5 (highest value). Students rated instructor-generated videos (M = 3.90, SD = 0.99) significantly higher than other reading (M = 2.73, SD = 1.28, Z = −8.73, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.76) or textbook reading (M = 2.26, SD = 1.32, Z = −9.84, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.00). Students also significantly favored other reading over textbook reading (Z = −3.88, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.30).