Table 4.
Risk of bias considering parameters reported in the eligible studies
| Study | Teeth randomization | Teeth free of caries or resorption | Standardization of root dimensions | Sample size calculation | Endodontic treatment performed by a single operator | Materials used according to the manufacturer’s instructions | Blinding of the examiner | Appropriate of statistical analyses | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lertchirakarn et al. [27] | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Hegde et al. [11] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Topçuoğlu et al. [12] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Baba et al. [13] | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Kumar et al. [15] | Y | N | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Jainaen et al. [14] | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Monteiro et al. [16] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Low |
| Elmakki et al. [23] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Low |
| Hammad et al. [24] | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Nagpal et al. [28] | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Medium |
| Langalia et al. [26] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Khan et al. [25] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Dibaji et al. [22] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Sandikci et al. [29] | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
Y (Yes) indicates that the specific parameter was reported in the article
N (No) indicates that the specific parameter was not possible to be found in the article