Table 3.
Structural MRI markers compared to vascular measures.
| No. of lacunes |
Normalised brain volume (L) |
Normalised lacune volume (%) |
Normalised subcortical hyperintensity volume
(%) |
Number of microbleeds |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | >5 | <1.548 | ≥1.548 | <0.024 | ≥0.024 | <5.23 | >5.23 | Absent | Present | ||
| Age | n Mean (SD) | 10 41 (10) | 11 57 (5) | 11 46 (11) | 10 53 (12) | 10 44 (11) | 11 55 (10) | 10 46 (14) | 11 53 (7) | 11 46 (11) | 9 53 (11) |
| p value | <0.001 | 0.191 | 0.016a | 0.165 | 0.080a | ||||||
| SBP | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 122 (11) | 11 118 (11) 0.354 | 10 122 (12) | 11 118 (10) 0.371 | 12 122 (11) | 9 118 (12) 0.429 | 10 122 (12) | 11 118 (11) 0.490 | 11 121 (10) | 9 120 (12) 0.874 |
| PWA | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 15 (15) | 11 20 (12) 0.402 | 11 16 (16) | 10 19 (11) 0.713 | 10 17 (14) | 11 18 (13) 0.916 | 10 14 (2) | 11 20 (12) 0.264 | 11 14 (14) | 9 19 (12) 0.408 |
| PWV | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 7.2 (0.9) | 10 7.9 (1.1) | 11 7.0 (0.9) | 9 8.0 (0.8) | 10 7.2 (1.0) | 11 7.9 (1.1) | 10 7.4 (1.0) | 10 7.7 (1.1) | 11 7.4 (1.2) | 8 7.8 (1.1) |
| 0.109 | 0.01 | 0.197 | 0.540 | 0.513 | |||||||
| CIMT | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 0.57(0.1) | 10 0.70(0.8) | 10 0.59(0.1) | 9 0.69(0.1) | 10 0.60(0.1) | 10 0.67(0.1) | 9 0.61(0.1) | 0.66(0.1) | 11 0.63(0.1) | 9 0.65(0.1) |
| 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.170 | 0.260 | 0.547 | |||||||
| RHI | N Mean (SD) p value | 10 1.9 (0.5) | 9 2.4 (0.7) | 10 2.0 (0.6) | 9 2.3 (0.8) | 10 1.9 (0.5) | 9 2.5 (0.7) | 8 2.3 (0.7) | 11 2.1 (0.7) | 10 2.2 (0.7) | 9 2.3 (0.6) |
| 0.080 | 0.549a | 0.035 | 0.476 | 0.739 | |||||||
| FMD | N Mean (SD) p value | 10 4.9 (1.4) | 7 2.9 (2.1) | 11 4.5 (1.7) | 6 3.3 (2.2) | 9 4.9 (1.4) | 8 3.1 (2.0) | 9 4.1 (1.8) | 8 4.1 (2.2) | 11 4.1 (1.4) | 6 3.4 (2.1) |
| 0.034 | 0.218 | 0.044 | 0.991 | 0.396 | |||||||
| TCD CVR | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 21 (13) | 10 19 (10) 0.728 | 11 20 (12) | 9 20 (12) 0.910 | 10 21 (12) | 10 19 (11) 0.776 | 9 21 (14) | 11 19 (10) 0.624 | 10 17 (12) | 9 21 (11) 0.431 |
| GM CBF | n Mean (SD) p value | 10 55 (9) | 9 47 (8) 0.065 | 10 55 (9) | 9 47 (8) 0.076 | 10 53 (9) | 9 39 (10) 0.334 | 10 53 (8) | 9 49 (10) 0.418 | 10 52 (8) | 7 47 (9) 0.235 |
| GM CVR | n Mean (SD) p value | 8 14 (9) | 5 2 (4) | 8 13 (8) | 5 3 (3) | 7 12 (7) | 6 6 (6) | 7 11 (11) | 6 8 (7) | 7 11 (10) | 4 8 (7) |
| 0.013 | 0.021 | 0.181 | 0.644 | 0.609 | |||||||
| SH CVR | n Mean (SD) p value | 8 13 (8) | 5 3 (3) 0.008 | 8 13 (8) | 5 3 (3) 0.009 | 7 11 (7) | 6 6 (8) 0.280 | 7 11 (9) | 6 7 (5) 0.372 | 7 11 (9) | 4 8 (5) 0.528 |
SBP: systolic blood pressure; PWA: pulse wave analysis (augmentation index at 75bpm); PWV: pulse wave velocity; CIMT: carotid intima-media thickness; RHI: reactive hyperaemia index; FMD: flow mediated dilatation; TCD: transcranial Doppler ultrasound; CVR: cerebrovascular reactivity; GM: grey matter; CBF: cerebral blood flow; SH: subcortical hyperintensity.
a
Non-parametric test used.