Table 4.
Means score (and SD) on background measures and accuracy as % correct (and SD) for picture naming by age group and language group.
| Younger Adults | Older Adults | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| ML | BL | TL | Language Effect | ML | BL | TL | Language Effect | |
| n | 40 | 44 | 22 | 52 | 20 | 22 | ||
| Age | 19.9 (3.0) | 20.7 (3.1) | 21.2 (3.8) | n.s. | 72.6 (5.2) | 74.1 (4.9) | 71.6 (5.1) | n.s. |
| Vocabulary | 102.0 (10.6) | 96.6 (11.1) | 93.8 (12.4) | ML > BL & TL | 109.9 (7.1) | 103.7 (10.7) | 106.1 (10.4) | ML > BL & TL |
| Nonverbal IQ | 95.6 (10.4) | 103.9 (13.5) | 106.2 (14.1) | ML < BL & TL | 105.2 (13.9) | 99.3 (15.2) | 98.3 (8.9) | n.s. |
| Years of Education | 12.6 (0.9) | 13.1 (1.4) | 13.7 (1.6) | BL < TL | 15.4 (2.2) | 15.6 (2.1) | 16.1 (1.8) | BL < TL |
| High Frequency % Accuracy | 90.3 (4.6) | 84.8 (6.1) | 82.2 (6.9) | ML > BL & TL | 83.4 (4.7) | 73.2 (15.8) | 76.9 (15.2) | ML > BL & TL |
| Low Frequency % Accuracy | 87.6 (7.4) | 74.8 (13.6) | 74.1 (14.6) | ML > BL & TL | 83.9 (7.3) | 69.8 (17.6) | 69.8 (16.2) | ML > BL & TL |
Note. Raw vocabulary and nonverbal scores were converted to standardized scores based on a population mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.