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. 2018 Jun 7;9:1192. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01192

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Copyright © 2018 Matheus Carnevali, Herbold, Hand, Priscu and Murray.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A–C) aRNA resampled iTags that were significantly higher (p < 0.00019) than DNA resampled iTags at each of the three sites (panels: Siq, SukB, and SukS). Taxonomic affiliations to Class and/or Order are indicated by symbols in the inset legend. Three groups signaling OTUs with potentially relevant functions were identified as follows. Group 1 (G1): aRNA to DNA ratios > 2 and aRNA occurrence levels over 500. G2 OTUs: aRNA to DNA ratios > 2 and aRNA levels between 250 and 500. G3 abundant OTUs: aRNA to DNA ratios between 1 and 2 with aRNA levels ≥250 and DNA levels ≥250. OTUs whose aRNA iTags were exceptionally higher (>1,000) than their DNA counts (≤5) were set to 1,000. These corresponded to G1 OTUs including an Actinobacteria OTUs in Siq, two Alphaproteobacteria OTUs (Siq and SukS), and one Cyanobacteria OTU and one Gammaproteobacteria OTU in SukB with aRNA occurrences above 1,000 and DNA < 5. Other G1 OTUs with DNA occurrences <5 included three Actinobacteria OTUs (SukS), two Alphaproteobacteria OTUs (SukB and SukS), one Bacteroidetes OTU (Siq), two Cyanobacteria OTUs (SukB and SukS), three Gammaproteobacteria OTUs (Siq, SukB, SukS); and one Firmicutes OTU (SukS) and an Actinobacteria OTU (Siq) with aRNA occurrences ~900.