Figure 3.

Effect of IL-1β on the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways. Lysates of cells treated with IL-1β 20 ng/mL for the indicated times were assessed. (A) p-ERK1/2, p-p38, p-JNK (indicators of MAPK activation) and (B) p-p65, p-IκBa (an indicator of NF-κB activation) were incubated with corresponding antibodies by immunoblotting, with Hsp 60 as the loading control. Data are the mean ± s.e.m. of three independent experiments (right panel). Significant differences and P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U tests. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs controls.