Table 3.
Energy and nutrients intake of the study participants across different categories of healthy dietary pattern score.
| Healthy dietary pattern score | P value∗ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (<−0.5) |
Q2 (−0.5, −0.19) |
Q3 (−0.19, 0.24) |
Q4 (>0.24) |
||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 1630.43±550.531 | 1897.63±508.02 | 2076.23±530.73 | 2474.13±664.41 | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day) | 209.87±80.12 | 256.11±70.71 | 281.67±69.98 | 338.93±101.65 | <0.001 |
| Fat (g/day) | 57.29±28.63 | 68.73±25 | 74.13±27.04 | 92.57±45.25 | <0.001 |
| Protein (g/day) | 62.81 ±23.94 | 77.45±20.87 | 88.52±22.48 | 110.18±35.43 | <0.001 |
| Dietary Fiber (g/day) | 22.85±11.18 | 29.49±10.20 | 33.79±10.60 | 38.61±14.27 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) | 177±91.66 | 233.67±82.46 | 254.34±87.20 | 306.44±141.80 | <0.001 |
| Total SFA (g/day) | 18.66±10.35 | 23.75±8.96 | 24.36±9.57 | 29.95±15.93 | <0.001 |
| Total MUFA (g/day) | 15.87±7.74 | 19.27±6.24 | 20.30±6.46 | 25.29±12.48 | <0.001 |
| Total PUFA (g/day) | 11.11±6.63 | 13.13±5.72 | 14.36±5.87 | 15.46±7.72 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg/day) | 1.08±0.41 | 1.28±0.32 | 1.48±0.39 | 1.99±0.74 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg/day) | 1.56±0.74 | 2.07±0.54 | 2.36±0.58 | 3.28±1.60 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B3 (mg/day) | 11.84±3.88 | 13.78±3.63 | 16.24±4.11 | 22.53±9.46 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B5 (mg/day) | 4.28±1.65 | 5.57±1.36 | 8.65±3.76 | 6.19±2.76 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/day) | 1.31±0.44 | 1.65±0.32 | 1.88±0.36 | 2.74±1.33 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B9 (μg/day) | 395.89±191.41 | 453.86±143.92 | 521.70±159.67 | 642.55±247.96 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg/day) | 3.27±1.75 | 4.24±1.21 | 4.75±1.48 | 6.91±4.18 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 136.99±78.20 | 211.77±81.71 | 238.95±108.07 | 297.12±146.35 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin D (μg/day) | 1.74±1.53 | 2.59±1.55 | 2.90±1.52 | 3.89±3.23 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 7.80±4 | 9.35±2.94 | 10.11±3.14 | 12.95±5.59 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin K (μg/day) | 166.42±135.99 | 236.23±141.95 | 296.70±215.39 | 521.81±386.92 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin A (RE/day) | 426.54±233.91 | 621.44±186.20 | 696.85±248.03 | 1069.31±672.59 | <0.001 |
| Beta carotene (μg/day) | 2794.47±1731.83 | 4125.69±1759.71 | 4840.34±2498.58 | 8374.68±6517.27 | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 914.36±493.16 | 1198.84±344.86 | 1361.07±404.54 | 1771±732.59 | <0.001 |
| Magnesium (mg/day) | 286.50±117.87 | 370.13±103.19 | 421.14±110.60 | 541.76±232.07 | <0.001 |
| Fe (mg/day) | 9.89±3.99 | 11.99±3.52 | 13.82±3.74 | 17.57±7.56 | <0.001 |
| Manganese (mg/day) | 3.21±1.51 | 3.56±1.30 | 3.98±1.19 | 4.66±1.86 | <0.001 |
| Na (mg/day) | 2827.13±1420.75 | 2850.06±962.77 | 3151.11±983.21 | 3779.85±1664.49 | <0.001 |
| K (mg/day) | 2985.29±1218.47 | 4005.89±1073.81 | 4440.82±1136.99 | 5641.38±2220.18 | <0.001 |
| Zinc (mg/day) | 8.99±3.41 | 11.27±2.85 | 12.86±3.32 | 17±7.89 | <0.001 |
| Copper (mg/day) | 1.15±0.52 | 1.47±0.49 | 1.68±0.49 | 2.05±0.81 | <0.001 |
| Selenium (μg/day) | 57.68±23.44 | 68.40±20.85 | 78.82±22.87 | 94.49±32.08 | <0.001 |
| Chromium (μg/day) | 0.011±0.011 | 0.014±0.014 | 0.019±0.020 | 0.018±0.025 | <0.001 |
MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; SFA: saturated fatty acid.
∗Resulted from analysis of variance.
1Values are presented as mean± SD.