Table 3.

Key elements to effective planned self-management support interventions

Study	Standardized training	Multidisciplinary team	Peer contact	Keeping logs	Goal setting skills	Problem solving skills	Seeking support
Blakeman et al. [28]	*	*	*		*		*
Barrett et al. [29]		*
Chan et al. [30]	*	*
McManus et al. [31]	*	*		*	*	*	*
McMurray et al. [32]	*	*			*	*
Scherpbier-de Haan et al. [33]	*	*			*		*
Steed et al. [34]	*	*	*		*
Williams et al. [35]	*			*	*		*

The studies utilized elements derived from the following self-management models: (a) the Chronic Care Model, (b) the Stanford Model, (c) the Expert Patient Programme, and (d) the Flinders Models

*means respective self-management element was used by the study