miR390 positively regulates LR growth and biomass accumulation in poplar. A, LR phenotypes of seedlings of wild-type (WT), miR390-OE, and miR390-STTM lines. Cutting-propagated seedlings were cultivated in vitro for 4 weeks. Bar = 2 cm. B and C, Quantification of average LR length (B) and LR density (C) of the seedlings of wild-type, miR390-OE, and miR390-STTM lines cultivated in vitro for 4 weeks. D, Shoot and root phenotypes of wild-type, miR390-OE, and miR390-STTM plants cultivated in soil for 10 weeks. Bars = 5 cm. E and F, Quantitative measurements of shoot (E) and root (F) biomass (dry weight [DW]) of wild-type, miR390-OE, and miR390-STTM plants cultivated in soil for 10 weeks. For B, C, E, and F, error bars represent sd, and asterisks indicate statistically significant differences in one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test for pairwise comparisons between wild-type and transgenic lines (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; and ***, P < 0.001; n = 5).