NPC-specific deletion of Hdac1 and Hdac2 causes hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 and p53. (A,C,E) AcH3K9, AcH4 and p53AcK386 are expressed at relatively low levels in all cell types of the developing kidney. (B,D,F) In HDAC1/2 mutant kidneys, there is upregulation of acetylated H3K9, H4 and p53 in NPCs and derived nascent tubules. AcH3K9, histone H3 (acetyl K9), AcH4, acetyl-histone H4; CK, pancytokeratin; CM, cap mesenchyme; p53AcK386, acetyl-Lys386 p53; PTA, pretubular aggregate; RV, renal vesicle; UB, ureteric bud branch.