Table 2.
Prevalence of Obesity among WIC-Participating Children by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Los Angeles County, 2003–2014
| 2-Year-olds | 3-Year-olds | 4-Year-olds | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity prevalence (%) | AAPCa | Obesity prevalence (%) | AAPCa | Obesity prevalence (%) | AAPCa | ||||||||||
| 2003 | 2005 | 2010 | 2014 | 2003–2014 | 2003 | 2005 | 2010 | 2014 | 2003–2014 | 2003 | 2005 | 2010 | 2014 | 2003–2014 | |
| All | 13.5 | 17.0 | 17.9 | 15.4 | 1.5 (0.6 to 2.2) | 15.9 | 19.5 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 1.5 (0.9 to 1.9) | 18.2 | 21.2 | 21.3 | 19.8 | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.2) |
| Parent race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||
| NH white | 10.3 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 9.1 | −0.5 (−3.5 to 2.4) | 11.6 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 12.0 | −0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8) | 13.5 | 15.7 | 13.5 | 11.4 | −1.1 (−2.8 to −0.4) |
| NH black | 9.7 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 9.4 | 0.4 (−0.9 to 1.6) | 10.2 | 12.6 | 11.2 | 11.4 | 0.4 (−1.2 to 2.0) | 12.8 | 14.3 | 14.7 | 12.1 | −0.2 (−1.4 to 0.8) |
| NH Asian | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 7.3 | −2.9 (−4.8 to −1.0) | 12.3 | 14.4 | 11.2 | 9.2 | −2.8 (−4.4 to −1.8) | 14.0 | 13.4 | 11.4 | 9.8 | −3.7 (−5.1 to −2.4) |
| Hispanic | 14.2 | 18.0 | 18.9 | 16.7 | 1.9 (0.9 to 2.9) | 16.8 | 20.6 | 21.0 | 19.2 | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.0) | 19.3 | 22.4 | 22.4 | 21.2 | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.2) |
| Household income | |||||||||||||||
| ≤50% FPL | 14.4 | 17.6 | 18.7 | 16.5 | 1.6 (0.7 to 2.6) | 16.0 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 18.6 | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 18.2 | 21.3 | 21.6 | 19.9 | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.2) |
| 50.1%–100.0% FPL | 13.5 | 17.2 | 17.7 | 15.2 | 1.4 (0.2 to 2.5) | 15.7 | 19.7 | 20.5 | 18.4 | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.3) | 18.5 | 21.3 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.4) |
| 100.1%–133.0% FPL | 13.4 | 16.5 | 17.6 | 14.6 | 1.1 (−0.1 to 2.1) | 16.3 | 19.3 | 19.1 | 17.2 | 0.7 (−0.2 to 1.6) | 18.4 | 21.3 | 20.0 | 18.7 | 0.1 (−0.8 to 0.8) |
| 133.1%–185.0% FPL | 12.4 | 16.3 | 16.9 | 14.1 | 1.2 (0.4 to 1.8) | 15.4 | 18.5 | 18.2 | 15.7 | 0.1 (−0.6 to 0.7) | 17.7 | 20.8 | 20.1 | 17.8 | 0.4 (−1.1 to 1.4) |
| Household education | |||||||||||||||
| <High school | 14.1 | 18.0 | 18.6 | 16.5 | 2.0 (0.9 to 3.0) | 16.7 | 20.6 | 21.0 | 19.3 | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.0) | 19.1 | 22.3 | 22.0 | 21.2 | 1.3 (0.7 to 1.8) |
| High school | 13.2 | 16.3 | 17.8 | 15.4 | 1.6 (0.6 to 2.6) | 14.9 | 18.1 | 19.1 | 17.7 | 1.8 (1.3 to 2.2) | 17.2 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 19.2 | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.5) |
| Some college | 11.1 | 14.9 | 16.2 | 13.4 | 1.8 (1.2 to 2.4) | 13.9 | 17.0 | 17.8 | 15.0 | 0.7 (−0.3 to 1.7) | 16.8 | 18.2 | 20.2 | 17.5 | 0.8 (−0.1 to 1.7) |
| College or more | 10.6 | 11.8 | 13.5 | 10.6 | 0.2 (−1.5 to 2.0) | 11.9 | 16.1 | 15.1 | 14.0 | 0.4 (−1.7 to 2.5) | 15.2 | 17.0 | 18.2 | 14.9 | −0.5 (−3.2 to 2.0) |
| Median household income | |||||||||||||||
| ≤$32,738 | 14.7 | 18.2 | 18.7 | 16.3 | 1.3 (0.3 to 2.3) | 16.9 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 19.6 | 1.4 (0.9 to 1.8) | 18.7 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 20.4 | 1.0 (0.3 to 1.5) |
| $32,739–40,278 | 13.9 | 17.5 | 18.4 | 15.9 | 1.5 (0.1 to 2.7) | 16.0 | 20.4 | 20.8 | 18.5 | 1.3 (0.8 to 1.8) | 18.3 | 21.9 | 22.5 | 20.9 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.4) |
| $40,279–51,534 | 13.0 | 16.8 | 17.9 | 15.7 | 1.8 (0.7 to 2.7) | 15.4 | 19.2 | 19.8 | 17.9 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.2) | 19.1 | 21.2 | 20.9 | 19.4 | 0.3 (−0.7 to 1.3) |
| ≥$51,535 | 12.4 | 15.5 | 16.7 | 14.0 | 1.4 (0.5 to 2.1) | 15.1 | 17.7 | 18.2 | 16.3 | 1.1 (0.3 to 1.8) | 17.1 | 19.2 | 19.1 | 18.7 | 0.8 (0.2 to 1.3) |
Obesity is having a BMI ≥95th percentile of CDC's gender- and age-specific growth reference values.
a
Average annual percent change (AAPC) based on log-linear regression model. Bold AAPC (95% confidence interval) represent statistically significant changes over the specified time period.
WIC, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; NH, non-Hispanic; FPL, federal poverty level.