Figure 1.

Effects of the cell monolayer‐disturbing agent (CMDA) tomatine (5 mg L⁻¹) on defined control parameters. Caco‐2 cells were grown on collagen‐coated 0.4 μm transwell inserts for monolayer formation and fast differentiation. On days 5–7, glucose transport across the cell monolayer was quantitated. Cell culture medium with 2.1 g L⁻¹ glucose and 1.0 g L⁻¹ xylitol was placed as donor solution in the apical compartment. Samples were collected from the basolateral compartment (HEPES buffer) at the respective time points. Glucose and xylitol concentrations of the samples were measured by HPLC. A) Influence of CMDA on the membrane integrity as evaluated by TEER measurements. B) Effect of CMDA on the cumulative glucose and C) xylitol transport from the apical to the basolateral side of Caco‐2 monolayers. Error bars are based on the standard error of the mean (n = 8 inserts, measured on four different days) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.