Table 3.
Strength of positive reactions (+ vs ++/+++), ?+ and irritant reactions (IRs) to nickel stratified by country (age‐standardized)
| + | ++/+++ | ?+ | IR | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N tested | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | % positive age‐standardized | 95%CI | |
| Germany | 1032 | 62 | 6.0 | 82 | 7.9 | 42 | 4.1 | 10 | 1.0 | 13.9 | 11.8‐16.1 |
| Italy | 531 | 14 | 2.6 | 74 | 13.9 | 1 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.4 | 16.4 | 13.3‐19.8 |
| The Netherlands | 493 | 33 | 6.7 | 45 | 9.1 | 23 | 4.6 | 4 | 0.8 | 15.8 | 12.8‐19.4 |
| Portugal | 533 | 22 | 4.1 | 76 | 14.3 | 6 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | 18.5 | 15.2‐21.9 |
| Sweden | 505 | 1 | 0.1 | 41 | 8.2 | 8 | 1.6 | 19 | 3.7 | 8.3 | 6.1‐11.1 |
| Total | 3093 | 131 | 4.2 | 317 | 10.3 | 80 | 2.6 | 35 | 1.1 | 14.5 | 13.3‐15.8 |