Table 4.

Results of mixed-effects multi-level regression with dependent variable = continuity (product of ‘has preferred GP’ and ‘sees preferred GP’) from 6243 GP practices and 33 933 observations

Independent variable (interaction with year)	Effect size of significant coefficient	95% CI	P-value	Predictors,a %
IMD decile	0.011	−0.015 to 0.037	0.40
List sizeb	−0.000036	−0.000047 to −0.000025	<0.001	−0.036 per 1000 patients
Black ethnicityb	0.025	0.015 to 0.034	<0.001	0.025
South Asian ethnicityb	0.0099	0.0051 to 0.015	<0.001	0.010
Aged ≥75 yearsb	−0.059	−0.080 to −0.038	<0.001	−0.059
Smokers	0.0025	−0.0058 to 0.011	0.56
Claiming disability	0.0091	−0.0077 to 0.026	0.29
Long-term conditionb	−0.013	−0.021 to −0.0063	<0.001	−0.013
Sub-regionc	0.014	−0.051 to 0.078	0.68

^aChange in slope of continuity for each year if variable increases by 1%, unless otherwise specified.

^bSignificant predictors.

^cNorth sub region taken as reference. CI = confidence interval. IMD = Indices of Multiple Deprivation.