Table 2.
Measured variables at the baseline and after the study in each group and comparison within and between groups
| Variable | Intervention group (N=10) |
Control group (N=10) |
Between-group comparisonb) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before study | After study | Within-group comparisona) |
Before study | After study | Within-group comparisona) |
|||||
| CI | p-value | CI | p-value | CI | p-value | |||||
| Current VAS score | 38.4±21.7 | 4.0±5.4 | 19.6 to 49.4 | 0.001* | 36.2±27.2 | 25.2±17.7 | −1.4 to 23.4 | 0.08 | −32.8 to −12.9 | <0.001* |
| VAS score during previous week | 51.8±24.1 | 12.4±13.5 | 22.6 to 56.2 | <0.001* | 44.2±26.5 | 39.4±20.9 | −10.3 to 19.8 | 0.49 | −45.7 to −15.6 | 0.001* |
| RDQ score | 7.8±3.4 | 1.7±2.4 | 3.3 to 8.9 | 0.001* | 9.5±4.9 | 7.9±3.3 | −1.3 to 4.5 | 0.24 | −8.8 to −3.6 | <0.001* |
| Health domain scales of SF-36 | ||||||||||
| Physical functioning | 68.5±14.3 | 86.0±11.5 | −30.5 to −4.5 | 0.014* | 68.0±19.6 | 65.5±19.9 | −5.8 to 10.8 | 0.51 | 9.1 to 33.9 | 0.002* |
| Role-physical | 40.0±29.3 | 95.0±10.5 | −73.5 to −36.5 | <0.001* | 50.0±42.5 | 65.0±41.2 | −40.6 to 10.6 | 0.22 | 11.3 to 60.5 | 0.007* |
| Bodily pain | 52.8±16.4 | 85.6±15.8 | −44.9 to −20.1 | <0.001* | 55.0±23.3 | 59.0±15.0 | −18.0 to 10.0 | 0.54 | 16.6 to 41.1 | <0.001* |
| General health | 69.5±14.6 | 83.0±6.7 | −25.9 to −1.8 | 0.028* | 54.5±25.1 | 57.5±22.7 | −15.4 to 9.4 | 0.59 | 8.1 to 30.9 | 0.002* |
| Vitality | 45.5±13.2 | 72.5±13.6 | −41.4 to −12.6 | 0.002* | 49.8±14.7 | 51.5±21.2 | −18.2 to 14.7 | 0.82 | 4.9 to 40.8 | 0.016* |
| Social functioning | 56.3±13.5 | 82.5±21.4 | −42.8 to −9.7 | 0.006* | 68.8±20.6 | 62.5±22.0 | −10.2 to 22.7 | 0.41 | 2.8 to 48.9 | 0.03* |
| Role-emotional | 40.0±40.9 | 66.7±47.1 | −68.4 to 15.1 | 0.18 | 83.3±28.3 | 60.0±40.9 | −6.5 to 53.2 | 0.11 | −32.1 to 75.3 | 0.41 |
| Mental health | 66.4±16.6 | 80.4±15.7 | −24.2 to −3.8 | 0.013* | 68.4±15.6 | 64.4±11.8 | −4.2 to 12.2 | 0.30 | 9.8 to 28.2 | 0.001* |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or CI, unless otherwise stated.
CI, confidence interval; VAS, Visual Analog Scale; RDQ, Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire; SF-36, 36-item Short Form Health Survey.
*
p<0.05 (statistically significant).
a)
Paired sample t-test for comparing data obtained before and after the study in each group.
b)
Analysis of covariance of each variable, which is adjusted for age, weight, and its baseline value.