Table 3. Illustrative statements on care-seeking practices & behaviors and influence of ZamCAT.

	Illustrative Statements on Care-Seeking Practices & Behaviors	Illustrative Statements on the Influence of ZamCAT on Care-Seeking Practices & Behaviors
Focus Group Discussions	“Messages were very effective and well received by the community. It is just that some don’t practice them” (FGD, Livingstone District)	“Was good because after they finished teaching us, we also went to teach others in the community and they also became knowledgeable and came in numbers to antenatal clinic” (FGD, Monze District)
In-Depth Interview	“It is just the attitude of the parents. Others would think the condition will change and get back to normal so they will wait a bit, others may decide to go to the traditional healers” (Registered Midwife, Kalomo District) “The same [fear of] distance, fear of stigmatization, and fear of exposing the baby to other babies. What does one do or what would a caregiver do if the skin surrounding the baby’s umbilical cord is red? (Clinical Care Specialist, Livingstone District) “The traditional barrier [to seeking care at the facility] is that the baby is too small to move out of home, so the facility will still keep it in the home even if it is sick if they think the baby is too small to be taken out of the home as per traditional belief that it cannot come out until one to three months. Their fears are that if the baby is taken out of the home when too young, then it may catch another disease.” (Enrolled Nurse, Monze)	“The ZamCAT messages affected us in a positive way, meaning that they were very helpful. When the field monitors visited the mother, they were able to detect those danger signs that the mother wouldn’t detect on her own and that was helpful as it made us give treatment to the babies much earlier before something else worse happened. As I said the referral system was good because it made us attend to the children earlier and on time” (Enrolled Nurse, Monze District) “Positively yes. There would be women who could not or [would not] want to bring the baby to the clinic despite seeing the baby with a problem and these field monitors would refer the same baby to the clinic and the baby was attended to” (Zambia Enrolled Midwife, Mazabuka District) “At first it was difficult because you know this program dealing in umbilical cord, at first people thought these people are Satanists, others were even advising those pregnant women not to enroll with the program but afterwards they saw that this program had no Satanism attached, they saw the benefits of it so more started joining” (Registered Midwife, Kalomo District) “ZamCAT mothers we saw very few because they were able to manage the cords of the babies we saw more of those who are non-ZamCAT” (Clinical Care Specialist, Livingstone District)