Table 1.
Frequency (%) data on demographics and smoking and walking habits for three groups exposed to different levels of air pollution, and results from group comparisons
| Exposure level | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Medium | High | Chi2 | p value | |
| Men | 148 (33.5) | 138 (31.2) | 156 (35.3) | 1.44 | 0.49 |
| Married/cohabiting | 197 (34.0) | 197 (34.0) | 186 (32.1) | 1.49 | 0.48 |
| Age (years) | 5.38 | 0.49 | |||
| 18–29 | 46 (27.5) | 57 (34.1) | 64 (38.3) | ||
| 30–44 | 94 (33.8) | 98 (35.3) | 86 (30.9) | ||
| 45–64 | 131 (34.4) | 118 (31.0) | 132 (34.6) | ||
| ≥65 | 63 (36.2) | 57 (32.8) | 54 (31.0) | ||
| Highest level of education | 4.56 | 0.34 | |||
| Elementary school | 52 (34.4) | 45 (29.8) | 54 (35.8) | ||
| High school | 182 (33.1) | 186 (33.8) | 182 (33.1) | ||
| University | 97 (33.4) | 97 (33.4) | 96 (33.1) | ||
| Income group (euros monthly per person in household) | 6.83 | 0.56 | |||
| ≥ 350 | 95 (33.3) | 88 (30.9) | 102 (35.8) | ||
| 351–450 | 79 (39.7) | 61 (30.7) | 59 (29.6) | ||
| 451–600 | 53 (34.4) | 54 (35.1) | 47 (30.5) | ||
| 601–750 | 39 (32.2) | 40 (33.1) | 42 (34.7) | ||
| ≥750 | 53 (28.8) | 65 (35.3) | 66 (35.9) | ||
| Home language | 1.48 | 0.48 | |||
| Estonian | 223 (33.0) | 231 (34.2) | 221 (32.7) | ||
| Russian/other | 111 (34.2) | 99 (30.5) | 115 (35.4) | ||
| Children in household | |||||
| <6 years | 51 (38.6) | 39 (29.5) | 42 (31.8) | 1.94 | 0.38 |
| <18 years | 101 (32.1) | 109 (34.6) | 105 (33.3) | 0.61 | 0.74 |
| Level of urbanity | 2.57 | 0.63 | |||
| Large city | 163 (32.1) | 169 (33.3) | 175 (34.5) | ||
| Town | 76 (37.8) | 65 (32.3) | 60 (29.9) | ||
| Rural area | 95 (32.5) | 96 (32.9) | 101 (34.6) | ||
| Current smoker | 102 (30.7) | 118 (35.5) | 112 (33.7) | 4.49 | 0.11 |
| Walking (times weekly) | 5.7 | 0.22 | |||
| ≤2 | 120 (34.1) | 124 (35.2) | 108 (30.7) | ||
| 3–5 | 112 (35.6) | 102 (32.4) | 101 (32.1) | ||
| ≥6 | 98 (30.2) | 102 (31.4) | 125 (38.5) | ||