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. 2018 Jun 14;8:9121. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27378-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Performance of successful adapters during the forced RT task. (a) Reach angles with respect to target (°) of each group’s successful adapters exclusively. Values are averaged across epochs of 4 trials. Vertical bars represent block limits. The binary feedback consisted of a large green tick displayed on top of the screen if participants were within the reward region (see figure), and of a red cross if they were not (not shown). The black solid line represents the hand-to-cursor discrepancy (the perturbation) for the SRT and FRT group across the task, and the grey dashed line represents the perturbation for the Gradual group only. The upper and lower horizontal axes represent block-relative and absolute trial number, respectively. Coloured lines represent group mean and shaded areas represent s.e.m. (b) Average reach angle during the last 20 trials of the adaptation phase. The shaded area represents the region to be rewarded in the subsequent asymptote phase. (c) Average reach angle during the binary feedback (BF) block. (d) Success rate during the asymptote phase. The black dashed line represents 50% success rate. Each dot represents one participant. For the distribution plots, horizontal black lines are group medians and the shaded areas indicate distribution of individual values. >15° and < 15° indicate the average reach angle during the end of the adaptation phase (i.e. adapter and non-adapter, respectively). SRT: short reaction time; FRT: fast reaction time. ^***p < 0.001; ^**p < 0.01; ^*p < 0.05.