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. 2018 May 3;115(21):5612–5617. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1721110115

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

MSG2/IAA19 and IAA29 negatively regulate the strong growth inhibitor AXR3/IAA17 under prolonged shade. (A) Expression of IAA17 in the iaa19/msg2 gain of function and the iaa29 loss of function mutants compared with the Columbia wild type. Means ± SE of three biological replicates. (*) P < 0.06; *P < 0.05. (B and C) The β-estradiol induction of IAA19 or PIF4 effectors inhibits the activity of pIAA17:LUC reporter when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves: (B) in vivo imaging and (C) time course of pIAA17:LUC activity in response to the β-estradiol−induced IAA19 effector. Median ± SE of 12 biological replicates. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. (D) Metaanalysis showing that neighbor signals and auxin induce MSG2/IAA19 and IAA29 expression to higher levels than expression of IAA17. Shown is fold change relative to controls without auxin or shade. The significance of the differences among Aux/IAA genes is indicated. ***P < 0.001. (E) Incoherent feed-forward loop involved in the promotion of growth by IAA19 and IAA29. Thicker lines indicate stronger positive (→) or negative (┤) regulations.