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The prevailing ring model and the hold-and-release model proposed in this study. (A) Cohesin protein complex forms a ring that topologically entraps chromosomal DNAs. In anaphase, Cut1/separase cleaves Rad21, resulting in the release of DNAs. (B) The hold-and-release model proposes to explain how cohesin hinge interface mutations dispense with Rad21 cleavage. In this model, SMC subunits’ head and hinge are proximal to form arched coiled coils, which can hold or release DNA.
