Table 2.

Characteristics of primary care community health center patients screened for drug use with the ASSIST, by city and moderate-to-high level of drug use ⁺.

CHARACTERISTIC	TOTAL SAMPLE		LOS ANGELES		TIJUANA		Country Comparisons of the Proportion of Moderate-to-High Drug Usea
	Los Angeles	Tijuana	Moderate-to-High Drug Use		Moderate-to-High Drug Use
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
			No	Yes	No	Yes
	(n=2226) %	(n=2788) %	(n=1794) %	(n=432) %	(n=2628) %	(n=160) %
Gender:							ns
Male	33.0†††	23.5	27.5***	55.8	21.5***	56.3
Female	67.0	76.5	72.5	44.2	78.5	43.7
Age Group:							ns
18-25	25.1†††	21.5	24.7**	26.9	20.9***	30.6
26-34	20.9	14.3	20.2	24.1	14.0	19.4
35-45	21.1	17.9	20.5	23.6	17.5	24.4
46-65	31.4	35.1	32.9	24.8	35.7	24.4
>=66	1.5	11.3	1.7	0.7	11.9	1.3
Education (yrs):							***
0-6	15.2†††	47.5	17.1***	7.6	48.6***	30.0
7-9	5.7	26.9	5.7	5.6	26.4	35.6
>9	79.1	25.6	77.2	86.8	25.1	34.4
Ethnicity: Latino	92.8	–	93.0	92.1	–	–	N/A
Country of Birth:							N/A
United States	54.3†††	0.4	48.3***	78.9	0.4	0.6
Mexico	37.5	99.2	42.2	17.9	99.2	99.4
Other	8.3	0.4	9.5	3.3	0.4	0.0
Homeless last night	2.6†††	0.3	1.8***	5.8	0.3	0.6	***
Pregnant (among women)	13.7†††	19.5	14.5*	8.4	19.3	24.3	**
Chronic Condition:
Asthma	13.8†††	6.9	12.2***	20.4	6.9	7.5	***
Hepatitis	4.0††	2.6	2.8***	9.3	2.4	4.4	ns
Seizures	2.9††	1.5	2.4**	5.1	1.4*	3.8	ns
Cancer	3.4†††	1.7	3.6	2.8	1.6	2.5	ns
Tuberculosis	3.1	2.8	3.1	3.0	2.3***	10	**
High Blood Pressure	28.7†††	38.3	26.8***	36.6	39.2***	23.8	**
Diabetes	18.7†††	24.1	19. 3	16.4	24.7**	15.0	ns
HIV/AIDS	0.8††	0.3	0.5**	2.1	0.2	0.6	ns
Any chronic medical condition	49.4†††	54.6	47.5***	57.2	55.0	48.1	ns

N/A: Not applicable

ns: Not significant

⁺Moderate-to-high drug use: ASSIST score >=4 for any of the following: marijuana, cocaine/crack, methamphetamine and other amphetamines, inhalants, sedatives, hallucinogens, opioids

^†P<0.05,

^††P<0.01,

^†††P<0.001,

Chi-square tests for difference between cities

^*P<0.05,

^**P<0.01,

^***P<0.001,

ns P>=0.05, Chi-square tests for difference between yes/no moderate-to-high drug use within each city

^aCountry comparisons of demographic characteristics of the proportio of moderate-to-high drug Users in Los Angeles and Tijuana (among the moderate-to-high drug users)