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. 2018 Jun 15;8:9221. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27626-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of LPS and H₂ on the acquisition of short-term recognition memory in the Y-maze test (A) PPI test (B) and sociability and social novelty preference (C,D). (A) In the LPS group, short-term recognition memory was significantly impaired. In the HW + LPS group, maternal administration of hydrogen water almost completely restored short-term recognition memory. (B) No significant difference was detected in each trial. (C,D) Means ± standard error of the mean are shown for the cumulative data over each 10-min test session. (C) Time spent within the sniffing zone of the wire cage containing the novel mouse; Stranger 1, or the empty wire cage. (D) Time spent within the sniffing zone of the wire cage containing the familiar mouse; Stranger 1, or Stranger 2 (n = 17–22; Control, 17 pups/5 dams; LPS, 22 pups/5 dams; HW + LPS, 19 pups/5 dams). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s honest significant difference test. LPS, lipopolysaccharide; HW, hydrogen water.