Fig. 6.

TAT-P1/DIG-3 could provide prophylactic and therapeutic protection against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection in mice. a–d Prophylactic efficacy of TAT-P1/DIG-3 against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. e–h Therapeutic efficacy of TAT-P1/DIG-3 against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. For prevention, 40 μl of PBS (n = 10), zanamivir (50 μg in PBS, n = 10), and TAT-P1/DIG-3 (20 μg/5 μg in distilled water, n = 10) were intratracheally inoculated to corresponding mice at 48 and 24 h before viral inoculation. For therapeutic experiment, PBS (n = 15), zanamivir (10), TAT-P1/DIG-3 (n = 15) or jetPEI/DIG-3 (20 μg/5 μg in 5% glucose solution, n = 5) were intratracheally inoculated to corresponding mice at 6 h and 24 h after viral inoculation. Viral titers and IL-6 in mouse lungs were detected at day 4 post infection with mean ± SD of >3 mice in each group. The expression of IL-6 was normalized to PBS group. * Indicates P < 0.05. ** Indicates P < 0.01 when compared with PBS group. P values were calculated by Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test for survivals and by the two-tailed Student’s t test for viral titer and IL-6 analysis